Underused Housing Tax

Rows of houses

Photo by David McBee 

Words by Mathew Lam

Not to be the bearer of bad news but additional compliance and filing requirements have arrived.  If you are a non-resident, shareholder of a private corporation, partner of a partnership or a trustee of a trust, that owns residential properties, then you may be affected and have an annual filing requirement.  Newly enacted, the Underused Housing Tax (“UHT”) applies a 1% annual tax based on the value of vacant/underused residential properties.  The tax payable, along with a completed annual return would be due on April 30th of the following year.  The following is a non-exhaustive list of available exemptions:

Exempted Owners [no tax or filing obligation]

  • Canadian citizens;
  • Permanent residents;
  • Federally/provincially incorporated corporations which are listed on a Canadian stock exchange; and
  • Registered charities.

Type of Owner Exemption [no tax obligation but has a filing obligation]

  • Specified Canadian Corporation – On December 31st, any combination of non-Canadian citizens, non-permanent residents, corporations not incorporated or continued under the laws of Canada or a province, cannot control the corporation and must own less than 10% of the voting rights or equity value;
  • Specified Canadian Partnership – On December 31st, all members are exempted owners or a specified Canadian corporation;
  • Specified Canadian Trust – On December 31st, all beneficiaries with an interest in the residential property are exempted owners or a specified Canadian corporation;
  • New owner in the calendar year; or
  • Deceased owner, or a co-owner or personal representative of a deceased owner.

Availability of Property Exemption [no tax obligation but has q filing obligation]

  • Newly constructed;
  • Vacation property, in an eligible area of Canada, that is used by you or your spouse for at least 28 days in a calendar year;
  • Seasonally inaccessible or not suitable it be lived in year-round; or
  • Uninhabitable due to renovations, disaster, or hazardous conditions.

Occupancy of Property Exemption [no tax obligation but has q filing obligation]

  • Principal residence for you, your spouse, or child who is attending a designated learning institution; or
  • At least 180 days during the year, the property was occupied for no less than one month by any of the following combinations:
    • a lessee with a signed rental agreement;
    • a related lessee with a signed rental agreement for market value rent;
    • you or your spouse while holding a Canadian work permit; or
    • A Canadian citizen or permanent resident that is your spouse/common-law, parent or child.

If you fail to file a return regardless of the tax liability there are significant penalties of $5,000 for individuals and $10,000 for non-individuals .  As there are many carve-outs and specific definitions to what may be considered a residential property, if you believe that the UHT or its annual filing obligation may apply to you, please contact your Farnham & Company representative so that we can help you navigate through this.